The last one is the easiest - "gender" is a social construct, unlike "sex". Thus a 4 year-old may identify as any gender they like - why not, what's the harm? But no 4-year-olds are having actual sex change surgery or being prescribed puberty-delaying drugs in the UK.The 2nd one is also pretty simple; best advice from the Chief Medical Officer is that 12 year-olds have the vaccine. There are some irrational and/or misguided parents opposed to it, but if the kids want to do what is best for them, and judged by the CMO to be best for the rest of us, the parents are overruled. Quite right too.The first one is quite complex; one can almost forgive Shamima Begum if she does not understand it because many adults don't either. At the age of 15, Shamina Begum was effectively "groomed" by Isis. But 15-year-olds are still judged to have some criminal responsibility and can be punished for their actions. So what degree of responsibility should she have been expected to have at the time? Some, but not totally that of an adult. These are quite complex judgements and best left to a court which has been provided with the requisite reports.
Michael Winstanley ● 1881d